RESEARCH PAPER
Nitrogen oxides concentrations and heat release characteristics of the Perkins 1104D-E44TA dual-fuel engine running with natural gas and diesel
| 1 | Department of Automotive Vehicles and Transportation, Kielce University of Technology, Polska |
| 2 | Department of Automotive Vehicles and Transportation, Kielce University of Technology |
| 3 | Faculty of Transport Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Lithuania |
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Dariusz Kurczyński
Department of Automotive Vehicles and Transportation, Kielce University of Technology, al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314, Kielce, Polska
Department of Automotive Vehicles and Transportation, Kielce University of Technology, al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314, Kielce, Polska
Submission date: 2019-04-02
Final revision date: 2019-04-29
Acceptance date: 2019-06-24
Publication date: 2019-06-28
The Archives of Automotive Engineering – Archiwum Motoryzacji 2019;84(2):117–135
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
In the near future, natural gas may become a fuel, which will see increased use in powering internal combustion engines. Due to its properties, it can be used to power spark-ignition engines without major obstacles. Yet using natural gas to power compression-ignition engines proves to be more difficult. One of the possibilities are the dual-fuel compression-ignition engines running with gas fuel and diesel fuel, enabling ignition through compression and combustion of gas fuel. The article presents the heat release characteristics of the Perkins 1104D-E44TA engine powered by compressed natural gas and diesel fuel. Characteristics of heat release are an image of the combustion process. They affect the engine performance indicators. The determined heat release characteristics for a dual-fuel-powered engine were compared with the heat release characteristics for a diesel engine under the same operating conditions. An analysis of heat release characteristics was carried in the scope of their influence on the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust of the tested engine. The effect of the relative amount of heat released and the heat release rate during the combustion process in the Perkins 1104D-E44TA engine cylinder running dual-fuel with CNG+diesel on the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust, as compared to the values measured when running with diesel fuel only, was demonstrated. Higher share of natural gas in the total amount of energy supplied to the engine cylinders results in greater differences in the course of the combustion process and result in a greater reduction in the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust of the tested engine.
REFERENCES (46)
1.
Abdelaal M.M., Hegab A.H. Combustion and emission characteristics of a natural gas-fueled diesel engine with EGR. Energy Conversion and Management 64, 2012, pp. 301–312, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2012.05.021.
2.
Adewale P., Dumont M.-J., Ngadi M. Recent trends of biodiesel production from animal fat wastes and associated production techniques. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 45, 2015, pp. 574–588, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.02.039.
3.
Agarwal A. K., Singh A. P., Maurya R. K., Shukla P. Ch., Dhar A., Srivastava D. K. Combustion characteristics of a common rail direct injection engine using different fuel injection strategies. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 134, 2018, pp. 475–484, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2018.07.001.
4.
Ahmed S. A., Zhou S., Zhu Y., Feng Y. Performance and Emission Characteristics Analysis of Dual Fuel Compression Ignition Engine Using Natural Gas and Diesel. International Journal of Thermodynamics (IJoT), Vol. 21, No. 1, 2018, pp. 16-25, DOI: 10.5541/ijot.316300.
5.
Alptekin E., Canakci M., Sanli H. Biodiesel production from vegetable oil and waste animal fats in a pilot plant. Waste Management 34, 2014, pp. 2146–2154, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2014.07.019.
6.
Ambrozik A. Analiza cykli pracy czterosuwowych silników spalinowych. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Świętokrzyskiej, Kielce 2010.
7.
Ambrozik A. Wybrane zagadnienia procesów cieplnych w tłokowych silnikach spalinowych. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Świętokrzyskiej, Kielce 2003.
8.
Ambrozik A., Ambrozik T., Kurczyński D., Łagowski P. The Influence of Injection Advance Angle on Fuel Spray Parameters and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions for a Self-Ignition Engine Fed with Diesel Oil and FAME. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, Vol. 23, No 6, 2014, pp. 1917-1923.
9.
Baczewski K., Kałdoński T. Paliwa do silników o zapłonie samoczynnym. Wydawnictwo Komunikacji i Łączności, Warszawa 2004.
10.
Banković-Ilić I. B., Stojković I. J., Stamenković O. S., Veljkovic V. B., Hung Yung-Tse. Waste animal fats as feedstocks for biodiesel production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 32, 2014, pp. 238–254, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.01.038.
11.
Brennan L., Owende P. Biofuels from microalgae – A review of technologies for production, processing, and extractions of biofuels and co-products. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 14, 2010, pp. 557–577, DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2009.10.009.
12.
Carlucci A.P., de Risi A., Laforgia D., Naccarato F. Experimental investigation and combustion analysis of a direct injection dual-fuel diesel–natural gas engine. Energy 33, 2008, pp. 256–263, DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2007.06.005.
13.
Cheenkachorn K., Poompipatpong Ch., Gyeung Ho Choi. Performance and emissions of a heavy-duty diesel engine fuelled with diesel and LNG (liquid natural gas). ENERGY 53, 2013, pp. 52-57, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.02.027.
14.
Chen H., Xie B., Ma J., Chen Y. NOx emission of biodiesel compared to diesel: Higher or lower? Applied Thermal Engineering 137, 2018, pp. 584–593, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.04.022.
15.
Chen J., Li J., Dong W., Zhang X., Tyagi R. D., Drogui P., Surampalli R. Y. The potential of microalgae in biodiesel production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 90, 2018, pp. 336–346, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.073.
16.
Cunha A. Jr., Feddern V., De Prá M. C., Higarashi M. M., G. de Abreu P., Coldebella A. Synthesis and characterization of ethylic biodiesel from animal fat wastes. Fuel 105, 2013, pp. 228–234, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.06.020.
17.
Encinar J.M., Sánchez N., Martínez G., García L. Study of biodiesel production from animal fats with high free fatty acid content. Bioresource Technology 102, 2011, pp. 10907–10914, DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.068.
18.
Engerer H., Horn M. Natural gas vehicles: An option for Europe. Energy Policy 38, 2010, pp. 1017–1029, DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2009.10.054.
19.
Faried M., Samer M., Abdelsalam E., Yousef R.S., Attia Y.A., Ali A.S. Biodiesel production from microalgae: Processes, technologies and recent advancements. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 79, 2017, pp. 893–913, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.199.
20.
Issariyakul T., Dalai A. K. Biodiesel from vegetable oils. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 31, 2014, pp. 446–471, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.11.001.
21.
Kassem Y., Çamur H. Effects of storage under different conditions on the fuel properties of biodiesel admixtures derived from waste frying and canola oils. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 8, 2018, pp. 825–845, DOI: doi.org/10.1007/s13399-018-0339-1.
22.
Khan M. I., Yasmin T., Shakoor A. Technical overview of compressed natural gas (CNG) as a transportation fuel. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 51, 2015, pp. 785–797, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.06.053.
23.
Kirubakaran M., Arul Mozhi Selvan V. A comprehensive review of low cost biodiesel production from waste chicken fat. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 82, 2018, pp. 390–401, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.09.039.
24.
Korakianitis T., Namasivayam A.M., Crookes R.J. Natural-gas fueled spark-ignition (SI) and compression-ignition (CI) engine performance and emissions. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 37, 2011, pp. 89-112, DOI: 10.1016/j.pecs.2010.04.002.
25.
Kruczyński S.W., Orliński P. Combustion of methyl esters of various origins in the agricultural engine. Indian Journal of Engineering & Materials Sciences, Vol. 20, December 2013, pp. 483-491.
26.
Kurczyński D., Łagowski P. Performance indices of a common rail-system CI engine powered by diesel oil and biofuel blends. Journal of the Energy Institute, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joei....
27.
Kousoulidou M., Fontaras G., Ntziachristos L., Samaras Z. Biodiesel blend effects on common-rail diesel combustion and emissions. Fuel 89, 2010, pp. 3442–3449, DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.06.034.
28.
Labecki L., Ganippa L.C. Effects of injection parameters and EGR on combustion and emission characteristics of rapeseed oil and its blends in diesel engines. Fuel, vol. 98, 2012, pp. 15÷28, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.03.029.
29.
Millo F., Debnath B.K., Vlachos T., Ciaravino C., Postrioti L., Buitoni G. Effects of different biofuels blends on performance and emissions of an automotive diesel engine. Fuel, vol. 159, 2015, pp. 614–627, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.06.096.
30.
Nithyanandan K., Lin Y., Donahue R., Meng X., Zhang J., Lee Chia-fon F. Characterization of soot from diesel-CNG dual-fuel combustion in a CI engine. Fuel 184, 2016, pp. 145–152, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.06.028.
31.
Papagiannakis R.G., Rakopoulos C.D., Hountalas D.T., Rakopoulos D.C. Emission characteristics of high speed, dual fuel, compression ignition engine operating in a wide range of natural gas/diesel fuel proportions. Fuel 89, 2010, pp. 1397–1406, DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2009.11.001.
32.
PN-EN 14214+A1:2014-04 Liquid petroleum products. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications. Requirements and test methods.
33.
Serrano L., Lopes M., Pires N., Ribeiro I., Cascao P., Tarelho L., Monteiro A., Nielsen O., Gameiro da Silva M., Borrego C. Evaluation on effects of using low biodiesel blends in a EURO 5 passenger vehicle equipped with a common-rail diesel engine. Applied Energy, vol. 146, 2015, pp. 230–238, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.01.063.
34.
Singh B., Shukla S.K. Experimental analysis of combustion characteristics on a variable compression ratio engine fuelled with biodiesel (castor oil) and diesel blends. Biofuels Vol. 7, No. 5, 2016, pp. 471-477, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2016.1163210.
35.
Stamenković O. S. Veličković A. V., Veljković V. B. The production of biodiesel from vegetable oils by ethanolysis: Current state and perspectives. Fuel 90, 2011, pp. 3141–3155, DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.06.049.
36.
Subbaiah G. V., Gopal K. R. An experimental investigation on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with rice bran biodiesel and ethanol blends. International Journal of Green Energy, 8, 2011, pp. 197÷208, DOI: 10.1080/15435075.2010.548539.
37.
Suresh M., Jawahar C.P., Richard A. A review on biodiesel production, combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of non-edible oils in variable compression ratio diesel engine using biodiesel and its blends. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 92, 2018, pp. 38–49, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.04.048.
38.
Thiruvengadam A., Besch M., Padmanaban V., Pradhan S., Demirgok B. Natural gas vehicles in heavy-duty transportation-A review. Energy Policy 122, 2018, pp. 253–259, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.07.052.
39.
Vávra J., Bortel I., Takáts M., Diviš M. Emissions and performance of diesel–natural gas dual-fuel engine operated with stoichiometric mixture. Fuel 208, 2017, pp. 722–733, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.07.057.
40.
Wang Z., Du G., Wang D., Xu Y., Shao M. Combustion process decoupling of a diesel/natural gas dual-fuel engine at low loads. Fuel 232, 2018, pp. 550–561, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.05.152.
41.
Wcisło G., Labak N. Determination of the impact of the type of animal fat used for production of biofuels on the fractional composition of AME. Econtechmod. An international quarterly journal, vol. 6, No. 1., 2017, pp. 111-114.
42.
Wei L., Geng P. A. review on natural gas/diesel dual fuel combustion, emissions and performance. Fuel Processing Technology 142, 2016, pp. 264–278, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.09.018.
43.
Xu L., Bai X-S., Jia M., Qian Y., Qiao X., Lu X. Experimental and modeling study of liquid fuel injection and combustion in diesel engines with a common rail injection system. Applied Energy 230, 2018, pp. 287–304, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.104.
44.
Yang B., Xi Ch., Wei X., Zeng K., Lai M-Ch. Parametric investigation of natural gas port injection and diesel pilot injection on the combustion and emissions of a turbocharged common rail dual-fuel engine at low load. Applied Energy 143, 2015, pp. 130–137, DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.01.037.
45.
Yaliwal V.S., Banapurmath N.R., Tewari P.G., Kundagol S.I., Daboji S.R., Galveen S.C. Production of Renewable Liquid Fuels for Diesel Engine Applications – A Review. Cyber Journals: Multidisciplinary Journals in Science and Technology, Journal of Selected Areas in Renewable and Sustainable Energy (JRSE), January Edition, 2011, pp. 1-9.
46.
Yousefi A., Guo H., Birouk M. Effect of diesel injection timing on the combustion of natural gas/diesel dual-fuel engine at low-high load and low-high speed conditions. Fuel 235, 2019, pp. 838–846, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.08.064.
CITATIONS (1):
1.
Converting Compression Ignition Engine to Dual Fuel (Diesel + CNG) Engine and Experimentally Investigating its Performance and Emissions
Yasser Niknam, Davood Zamani, Mohammad Pareshkoohi
Yasser Niknam, Davood Zamani, Mohammad Pareshkoohi
Korzystamy z plików cookie (oraz innych podobnych technologii) i przetwarzamy unikalne identyfikatory oraz dane przeglądarki – w celu umożliwienia funkcjonowania naszej strony internetowej. Więcej informacji o tym jak przetwarzamy Twoje dane osobowe znajdziesz w